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AEuripides Bacchae 215-234Pentheus explains to the audience how he will punish the bacchantssupplementary participle | accusative and infinitive | correlatives | μέν…δέ...
AEuripides Hecuba 1-15The ghost of Polydorus introduces himself
AEuripides Hecuba 303-320Odysseus explains the double need to honour the dead Achillescorrelatives | accusative and infinitive | genitive absolute | δε pointing forward | present general temporal clause | τις | οὐκοῦν or οὔκουν | μέν…δέ... | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | τις | future real conditional | μέν…δέ... | crasis | future unreal conditional
AEuripides Helen 557-574Menelaus and Helen recognise each other after a long separation.stichomythia | prohibition
AEuripides Iphigenia in Tauris 1056-1073Iphigenia asks the chorus for supportthird person imperative | crasis | τε | ethic dative | ὁστις | primary purpose clause | ὁστις
AHerodotus Histories 3.80The rebels against the Magi surprisingly voice their support of democracy
AHomer Iliad 1.23-42Agamemnon’s curse angers Chryses, who prays to Apollo for vengeanceinfinitives | tmesis | prohibition | μή | μή οὐ | primary purpose clause
AHomer Iliad 1.498-516Thetis pleads with Zeus to honour her sonὄφρα
ALysias 1 14-16
ALysias Speeches 1.23-25Eratosthenes caught red-handedindirect command | indirect command | μέν…δέ... | μέν…δέ... | genitive absolute | genitive absolute | μέν…δέ... | circumstantial participle | μέν…δέ... | circumstantial participle
ALysias Speeches 1.37-40Euphiletus explains why he was right, and why he wouldn't have acted in the way he did if he had been planning to murder Eratosthenespast unreal conditional
ALysias Speeches 1.9-11Euphiletus describes the background to the killinggenitive of touch after ἅπτομαι | καί as also/too | μέν…δέ... | negative | optative in historic indefinite clause | secondary purpose clause with the subjunctive | result clause with indicative | future participle expressing purpose | ὡς | ὥστε | secondary purpose clause with the subjunctive | negative | result clause with indicative | accusative and infinitive | genitive absolute | secondary purpose clause with the subjunctive
ALysias Speeches 13.3-6The political situation in which Agoratus, according to the prosecution, committed his crimes.δεῖ | genitive of hearing | primary purpose clause | relative clauses | ὁστις | μέλλω | deictic iota | circumstantial participle | correlatives
ALysias Speeches 19.1-3A speaker asks for the jurors’ goodwill by arguing that defendants are always at a disadvantage.μέν…δέ...
ALysias Speeches 3.5-7The defendant relates how Simon broke into his house and embarrassed his female relatives in his amorous pursuit of Theodotus μέν…δέ... | correlatives | μέν…δέ... | infinitives | relative clauses | result clause with infinitive | genitive absolute | ὥστε | pronouns | result clause with infinitive | πρίν | ὥστε
APlato Ion 531e-532b
APlato Ion 534d4-535a10
APlato Ion 540d5-541a6Socrates makes distinctions between different artsἄρα | καί as also/too | ὁστις | supplementary participle | present unreal conditional | ellipsis
APlato Protagoras 319b-cSocrates describes the Athenians' practice of turning to the professionals for expert advice.τος sufix | correlatives | present general conditional | crasis | καί as also/too
APlato Republic 3 393d3-394b2The start of the Iliad rewrittenpast unreal conditional | μέν…δέ...
AXenophon Anabasis 3.2.9-10At a council of war, the Greeks interpret a sneeze as a sign from the godsgenitive absolute | deictic δε | optative in indirect speech | supplementary participle | ὁστις | third person imperative | μέν…δέ... | genitive absolute
AXenophon Hellenica 2.3.54-6Critias hands over Theramenes to the Eleven. The Eleven and their servants drag him off and Xenophon recalls his subsequent behaviour.relative clauses | circumstantial participle | deictic iota | relative clauses | articular infinitive | μέν…δέ...
AXenophon Hellenica 2.3.6-9The surrender of Samos marks the end of the war and the Spartan Lysander returns with the spoilsεἴ τι ἄλλο | circumstantial participle | κατά distributive
BEuripides Alcestis 935-953Admetus recognises that he should not have let his wife Alcestis die instead of him.genitive of comparison | genitive of touch after ἅπτομαι
BEuripides Electra 341-357Electra and her husband discuss the arrival of strangersμέν…δέ... | οὐκοῦν or οὔκουν | που | γάρ | deictic δε | ἀλλά | γάρ
BEuripides Electra 503-519The Old Man (who had been Agamemon's guardian) has some encouraging news for Electra.μῶν | τε | που
BEuripides Hecuba 1-15The ghost of Polydorus introduces himself
BEuripides Hecuba 1157-1175Polymestor relates his woes
BEuripides Hecuba 303-320Odysseus explains the double need to honour the dead Achillescorrelatives | accusative and infinitive | genitive absolute | δε pointing forward | present general temporal clause | τις | οὐκοῦν or οὔκουν | μέν…δέ... | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | τις | future real conditional | μέν…δέ... | crasis | future unreal conditional
BEuripides Hecuba 382-401Hecuba tries to persuade Odysseus that she should die in her daughter's place
BEuripides Hecuba 812-830Hecuba begs Agamemnon for mercy
BEuripides Phoenissae 452-470Jocasta tries to mediate between her two sons Polynices and Eteocles, who are locked in a life-and-death struggle for control of Thebes. She advises them to exercise judgement and restraint. Polynices answers.crasis | τε | imperative | present general temporal clause
BHerodotus Histories 2.118The Egyptian priests tell Herodotus their version of the Trojan war.genitive absolute | δε pointing forward
BHerodotus Histories 2.120Why Herodotus believes the Trojans’ claim that Helen was never in Troy.past unreal conditional | γε | circumstantial participle | result clause with indicative | secondary purpose clause | secondary purpose clause with the subjunctive
BHerodotus Histories 3.120A quarrel between Oroetes and Polycrates
BHerodotus Histories 3.64Cambyses meets his fate at Ecbatana
BHerodotus Histories 3.80The rebels against the Magi surprisingly voice their support of democracy
BHerodotus Histories 3.98How Indians obtain gold
BHerodotus Histories 4.97Darius is advised not to destroy a bridgegenitive absolute | attributive participle | circumstantial participle | εἰ as whether | genitive of time or place within which | correlatives | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | γε | indefinite question words | fear clause with subjunctive
BHerodotus Histories 9.82Pausanias compares Greek and Persian meals
BHomer Iliad 1.172-192Agamemnon threatens Achillesτε
BHomer Iliad 1.285-305
BHomer Iliad 9 182-198Odysseus and Ajax attempt to placate Achilles
BHomer Odyssey 16 70-86Telemachus tells Eumaeus what can be done to entertain a stranger who has recently arrived in Ithacaμέν…δέ... | primary purpose clause | negative | present real conditional
BHomer Odyssey 8 214-234Odysseus recounts his skills
BLysias 21 6-10 (SAJT)The speaker recalls his successful command of the trireme which he had equipped for the city
BLysias Speeches 1.1-5Euphiletus asks that the jury treat him well and lays out what he intends to show themarticular infinitive | correlatives | future unreal conditional | ὡς | secondary purpose clause with the subjunctive | ὥστε | result clause with infinitive
BLysias Speeches 19.55-57A litigant tells the jury of his blameless life and how his father contributed to public expenditure without, unlike others, expecting anything in return.
BLysias Speeches 3.5-7The defendant relates how Simon broke into his house and embarrassed his female relatives in his amorous pursuit of Theodotus μέν…δέ... | correlatives | μέν…δέ... | correlatives | μέν…δέ... | infinitives | relative clauses | μέν…δέ... | infinitives | relative clauses | result clause with infinitive | genitive absolute | ὥστε | result clause with infinitive | genitive absolute | ὥστε | pronouns | result clause with infinitive | πρίν | ὥστε | pronouns | result clause with infinitive | πρίν | ὥστε
BPlato Charmides 153a-c (SAJT)Socrates arrives back in Athens after a spell in the army at Potidaea. His friends in Taureas' wrestling school greet him and ask him for news.
BPlato Charmides 159 a-cModeration in all thingsεἴτε | accusative and infinitive | πότερον or πότερα | optative in indirect speech | pronouns
BPlato Gorgias 524b2-d4Socrates describes the similarity between soul and body after the two are separated at death and continues to explain how other, more extreme experiences of the body would be reflected after death.dual
BPlato Hippias Minor 364 c-eSocrates and the sophist Hippias discuss Homerenclitic τις with an accent | δε pointing forward | infinitives | μέν…δέ... | mixed conditional | present real conditional | γάρ | γάρ
BPlato Ion 531b3-d2
BPlato Ion 531e-532b
BPlato Ion 532e7-533b5Socrates establishes with Ion that experts don't tend to know about only one painter or sculptorμέν…δέ... | τε
BPlato Ion 540d5-541a6Socrates makes distinctions between different artsἄρα | καί as also/too | ὁστις | supplementary participle | present unreal conditional | ellipsis
BPlato Protagoras 319b-cSocrates describes the Athenians' practice of turning to the professionals for expert advice.τος sufix | correlatives | present general conditional | crasis | καί as also/too
BXenophon Anabasis 3.2.4-6Cleanor bewails deceit and bad faith on the part of the Great King, Tissaphernes and Ariaiosδε pointing forward | relative clauses
BXenophon Anabasis 3.2.9-10At a council of war, the Greeks interpret a sneeze as a sign from the godsgenitive absolute | deictic δε | optative in indirect speech | supplementary participle | ὁστις | third person imperative | μέν…δέ... | genitive absolute
BXenophon Hellenica 2.3.54-6Critias hands over Theramenes to the Eleven. The Eleven and their servants drag him off and Xenophon recalls his subsequent behaviour.relative clauses | circumstantial participle | deictic iota | relative clauses | articular infinitive | μέν…δέ...
CAeschylus Eumenides 454-469Orestes relates his history to Athena.crasis | ὡς | relative clauses
CAndocides On the Peace 17-19The Athenians are reminded just how generous the terms of peace given by the Spartans are.μέν…δέ... | past unreal conditional
CAristophanes Acharnians 507-519
CAristophanes Peace 215-233Hermes predicts to the Athenian Trygaeus what Peace and War will do if a truce with the Spartans is rejectedgenitive of time or place within which | accusative of respect | gerundive | mixed conditional | γοῦν
CDemosthenes On the Peace 5.1-2Demosthenes bemoans the Athenians' approach to decision-makingarticular infinitive | μέν…δέ... | genitive absolute | participle in indirect statement after verbs of perceiving | μέν…δέ...
CDemosthenes Speeches 18.177-9Demosthenes recalls a speech in which he gave some advice on how best to handle the Thebansaccusative and infinitive | δεῖ | μέν…δέ... | genitive absolute | word order
CDemosthenes Speeches 57.34-6A litigant complains that his opponent's speech has proved nothing; what is more, he has wrongly tried to stir up prejudice against women serving as wet-nurses.infinitives | μέν…δέ... | relative clauses | word order | prohibition | καί as also/too | γάρ | future real conditional | attributive participle | present unreal conditional | οὔτε…οὔτε | prohibition | articular infinitive | attributive participle | γε
CDemosthenes Third Philippic 9.25–27Demosthenes catalogues Philip of Macedon’s recent military and political victories to prove that nothing in Greek history can compare to his recent injustices.μέν…δέ... | κατά distributive
CDemosthenes Third Phillippic 9.53 Demosthenes advises strong action against the Athenian supporters of Philip. circumstantial participle | πρίν | attributive participle | connecting relative | καί as also/too | result clause with indicative | fear clause with subjunctive | ὥστε | articular infinitive
CEuripides Alcestis 614-32At the funeral of Admetus’ wife Alcestis, his father Pheres offers words of consolation.
CEuripides Alcestis 779-793Advice from Herakles: enjoy life while you canrelative clause misbehaving | γάρ | ἀλλά
CEuripides Andromache 1-6, 8-19Andromache introduces herself to the audience with a brief summary of what she has suffered so far.ἵνα with indicative
CEuripides Bacchae 215-234Pentheus explains to the audience how he will punish the bacchantssupplementary participle | accusative and infinitive | supplementary participle | accusative and infinitive | correlatives | μέν…δέ... | correlatives | μέν…δέ...
CEuripides Bacchae 266-285Teiresias advises Pentheus not to ridicule Dionysus.
CEuripides Bacchae 43-61The god Dionysus explains why he has come to the city of Thebes.future real conditional
CEuripides Children of Heracles 501-22One of Heracles' daughters considers the options and decides it would be best if she died for the city rather than anyone else.πρίν | μέν…δέ... | accusative absolute | infinitives | future real conditional | question | crasis
CEuripides Electra 341-357Electra and her husband discuss the arrival of strangersμέν…δέ... | οὐκοῦν or οὔκουν | που | γάρ | deictic δε | ἀλλά | γάρ
CΕuripides Bacchae 769–786Pentheus is unmoved by pleas to allow the worship of Dionysus, and calls for an attack on the Bacchants.
CHomer Iliad 1.172-192Agamemnon threatens Achillesτε
CHomer Iliad 1.23-42Agamemnon’s curse angers Chryses, who prays to Apollo for vengeanceinfinitives | tmesis | prohibition | μή | μή οὐ | primary purpose clause
CHomer Iliad 22.1-24Achilles makes for Troy
CHomer Iliad 24.692-709Hector’s corpse is brought back to Troy
CHomer Iliad 6.263-285Hector asks his mother to pray to Athena on his behalfμή | μή | wish optative | wish optative | future unreal conditional | γε | future unreal conditional | γε
CHomer Odyssey 1.345-359Telemachus reproaches Penelope for telling the bard to stop singing about the Trojan Warquestion | relative clauses | present general relative clause
CHomer Odyssey 15 265-281Telemachus befriends a refugeepossessive dative | future participle expressing purpose
CHomer Odyssey 2 6-20Telemachus marks his assembly debut with a dashing entranceγάρ
CHomer Odyssey 3 79-97Telemachus asks Nestor for news of his fatherdeictic δε | ἐαν as 'in the hope that' | μέν…δέ... | relative clauses
CHomer Odyssey 7 244-58Odysseus tells Arete how he reached Calypso's island Ogygiaτις | dative of time when or place at which
CHomeric Hymn to Hermes 4.254-272Apollo challenges the new-born Hermes with knowing about his missing cattle
CLysias Speeches 14.1-2No excuse is needed for prosecuting someone so thoroughly disgraceful as Alcibiades.result clause with indicative | present real conditional | relative clauses
CLysias Speeches 24.21-23The speaker pleads for retention of a disability allowancecorrelatives | circumstantial participle | μέν…δέ...
CLuke 2.1
CPlato Euthydemus 273c1-e2What do two sophists, Euthydemus and Dionysodorus, teach?correlatives | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | dual
CPlato Gorgias 483a7-c6Callicles describes different kinds of wrong-doingμέν…δέ... | articular infinitive | cognate accusative | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | circumstantial participle | attributive participle
CPlato Lysis 207e1-208b1Socrates asks a teenager whether his parents allow him to drive their chariotδε pointing forward | ἄν | οὐκοῦν or οὔκουν | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | ἄν
CPlato Protagoras 310b-dSocrates has an unexpected visitgenitive of time or place within which | deictic iota
CPlato Protagoras 310d-311dSocrates questions Hippocrates' motives for going to see Protagorasμῶν | ὡς | wish optative | future unreal conditional | ὡς | ὡς | ὡς
CPlato Protagoras 334c7-335a3Socrates asks Protagoras to adjust his arguments to his audienceτυγχάνω | πότερον or πότερα | correlatives
CSophocles Antigone 497-511Antigone and Creon argue about how shameful her actions arewish optative | exclamatory relative | potential indicative | future unreal conditional | crasis | τε | γάρ
CSophocles Oedipus at Colonus 1-18Oedipus and Antigone arrive at the outskirts of Athenscrasis | ἄν | primary purpose clause | indirect question | deictic δε | ὡς
CSophocles Oedipus Coloneus 1291-1307Polyneices explains his actionsconnecting relative
CSophocles Oedipus Tyrannus 447-462Teiresias boldy tells Oedipus that he will not leave before revealing a horrible truthrelative clauses | infinitive as imperative
CXenophon Anabasis 4.8A former slave, instructed by Xenophon, negotiates a truce between Greeks and barbariansaccusative and infinitive | optative in indirect speech | accusative and infinitive | present real conditional | indirect question | ἀλλά | ὄτι in direct speech | indirect command | future participle expressing purpose | γε | indirect question | potential optative | καί…καί | accusative and infinitive
CXenophon Economics 3.10-12Some men try to live co-operatively with their wives: but whose fault is it when they go wrong?μέν…δέ... | result clause with infinitive | ὥστε | μέν…δέ... | question
CXenophon Hiero 6.1-4Uneasy lies the head that wears a crownμέν…δέ... | articular infinitive | articular infinitive | μέν…δέ... | articular infinitive | εἴ τι ἄλλο | dative of similarity
CXenophon Memorabilia 1.1.20-2.2.2 How could Socrates have made other people bad since he was so wise himself?correlatives | accusative and infinitive | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | articular infinitive
DAeschylus Eumenides 454-469Orestes relates his history to Athena.crasis | ὡς | relative clauses
DAeschylus Persians 447-65Xerxes' disastrous strategyτις | exclamatory relative
DAntiphon On the murder of Herodes 5.26-27Amphibious murdergenitive absolute | μέν…δέ... | μέν…δέ... | word order
DAristophanes Acharnians 507-519
DAristophanes Clouds 1043-57The Better Argument and the Worse Argument debate: are hot baths bad for one's character?question | word order | question | δῆτα
DAristophanes Ecclesiazusae 1144-1162Blepyrus goes off to celebrate, and the Chorus commend their play to the judgesarticular infinitive | οὐκοῦν or οὔκουν | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | infinitives
DAristophanes Peace 215-233Hermes predicts to the Athenian Trygaeus what Peace and War will do if a truce with the Spartans is rejectedgenitive of time or place within which | accusative of respect | gerundive | mixed conditional | γοῦν
DDemosthenes Speeches 18.177-9Demosthenes recalls a speech in which he gave some advice on how best to handle the Thebansaccusative and infinitive | δεῖ | μέν…δέ... | genitive absolute | word order
DDemosthenes Speeches 57.34-6A litigant complains that his opponent's speech has proved nothing; what is more, he has wrongly tried to stir up prejudice against women serving as wet-nurses.infinitives | μέν…δέ... | relative clauses | word order | prohibition | καί as also/too | γάρ | future real conditional | attributive participle | present unreal conditional | οὔτε…οὔτε | prohibition | articular infinitive | attributive participle | γε
DDemosthenes Third Philippic 9.25–27Demosthenes catalogues Philip of Macedon’s recent military and political victories to prove that nothing in Greek history can compare to his recent injustices.μέν…δέ... | κατά distributive
DDemosthenes Third Phillippic 9.53 Demosthenes advises strong action against the Athenian supporters of Philip. circumstantial participle | πρίν | attributive participle | connecting relative | καί as also/too | result clause with indicative | fear clause with subjunctive | ὥστε | articular infinitive
DEuripides Andromache 1-6, 8-19Andromache introduces herself to the audience with a brief summary of what she has suffered so far.ἵνα with indicative
DEuripides Andromache 624-44Peleus reproaches Menelaus for his record of bad behaviourμή | μή | infinitives
DEuripides Bacchae 215-234Pentheus explains to the audience how he will punish the bacchantssupplementary participle | accusative and infinitive | correlatives | μέν…δέ...
DEuripides Bacchae 266-285Teiresias advises Pentheus not to ridicule Dionysus.
DEuripides Bacchae 43-61The god Dionysus explains why he has come to the city of Thebes.future real conditional
DEuripides Children of Heracles 501-22One of Heracles' daughters considers the options and decides it would be best if she died for the city rather than anyone else.πρίν | μέν…δέ... | accusative absolute | infinitives | future real conditional | question | crasis
DHomer Iliad 1.172-192Agamemnon threatens Achillesτε
DHomer Iliad 16.2-19Achilles asks Patroclus why he is crying.primary purpose clause | epic τε
DHomer Iliad 16.439-457Hera warns Zeusexclamatory relative | μή | article as pronoun
DHomer Iliad 22.1-24Achilles makes for Troy
DHomer Iliad 24.692-709Hector’s corpse is brought back to Troy
DHomer Iliad 6.263-285Hector asks his mother to pray to Athena on his behalfμή | wish optative | future unreal conditional | γε
DHomer Iliad 6.466-481Astyanax is frightened by his father’s appearance
DHomer Iliad 9.624-42Ajax suggests to Odysseus that they give up with their attempt to persuade Achilles
DHomer Odyssey 1 80-95Athena outlines her plan for Odysseus' returnἐαν as 'in the hope that' | future participle expressing purpose
DHomer Odyssey 2.87-103The suitor Antinous accuses Penelope of foul play
DHomer Odyssey 3.75-91Telemachus answers Nestor's questions and asks in turn about Odysseusἐαν as 'in the hope that' | accusative and infinitive | circumstantial participle
DHomer Odyssey 7 244-58Odysseus tells Arete how he reached Calypso's island Ogygiaτις | dative of time when or place at which
DIsocrates Letters 3 (Nicocles) 14-16Monarchy rules OKμέν…δέ... | present general conditional | γε | articular infinitive
DIsocrates To Demonicus 1.13-15Isocrates gives Demonicus some advice on how to become virtuous and improve one's reputationcorrelatives | correlatives | μέν…δέ... | μέν…δέ...
DLysias Speeches 24.4-6A defendant argues that he should not be deprived of a disability allowance from the cityaccusative and infinitive
DLuke 2.1
DPlato Euthydemus 273c1-e2What do two sophists, Euthydemus and Dionysodorus, teach?correlatives | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | dual
DPlato Gorgias 523a1-c1Socrates explains how the judgement of men at their death changed after the age of Kronos. δε pointing forward | μέν…δέ...
DPlato Lysis 207e1-208b1Socrates asks a teenager whether his parents allow him to drive their chariotδε pointing forward | ἄν | οὐκοῦν or οὔκουν | ἐάν as ἄν or ἤν | ἄν
DPlato Menexenus 238b7-d5As part of a funeral oration, Socrates praises the ancestral constitution of Athens.deictic δε | word order | μέν…δέ... | μέν…δέ...
DPlato Protagoras 310b-dSocrates has an unexpected visitgenitive of time or place within which | deictic iota
DPlato Protagoras 310d-311dSocrates questions Hippocrates' motives for going to see Protagorasμῶν | ὡς | wish optative | future unreal conditional | ὡς | ὡς | ὡς
DPlato Republic 3 393d3-394b2The start of the Iliad rewrittenpast unreal conditional | μέν…δέ...
DSophocles Ajax 485-503Tecmessa seeks her husband's understandinggenitive of comparison | relative clauses
DSophocles Antigone 902-20Antigone contemplates her punishment at the hands of Creon for honouring her brother Polyneices' bodyword order | attributive participle
DSophocles Oedipus Tyrannus 447-462Teiresias boldy tells Oedipus that he will not leave before revealing a horrible truthrelative clauses | infinitive as imperative
DThucydides The Peloponnesian War 3.47Diodotus explains why the Athenians should not punish the demos of Mytilene for the island's rebellion from the empire.future future conditional | τε | relative clauses | genitive of comparison | imperative | relative clauses | potential optative | circumstantial participle
DThucydides The Peloponnesian War 7.8.1-3Nikias asks for reinforcements, considering carefully how best to deliver his messageμή | articular infinitive | ἄν